Terminology

1. Mainstream = Ideas, attitudes, or activities that are shared by most people and regarded as normal or conventional.
2. Independent = An independent film or indie film is a film production produced mostly or completely outside of the major film studio system, as well as being produced and distributed by independent company's.
3. Distribution = Film distribution is the process of making a movie available for viewing by an audience.
4. Marketing = The practice of promotion specifically in the film industry, and usually occurs in coordination with the process of film distribution.
5. Exchange = how a film is viewed whether its in a cinema, at home or on a device via streaming.
6. Multinational = A company or firm that has branches all over the world and offers a branch of services such as Walt Disney.
7. Monopoly = Where one single company dominates all or nearly all of the market for a given product.
8. Oligopoly = Where the market consists of a select few companies having significant influence over an industry- the big six.
9. The big six = 20th Century Fox, Columbia Pictures, Warner Bros, Paramount Pictures, Walt Disney and Universal Studios.
10. Horizontal integration = This is where a production company expands into other areas of one industry. This means that the company can develop in a particular area of production or they can buy out another company that deals with these areas. 
11. Vertical integration = This is when the production company has the ownership of the means of production, distribution and exhibition of the film by the same company, because of this they receive all of the profit.
12. Synergy = Is the simultaneous release of two or more products to promote each other.
13. Merchandising = Branded products that help to promote a film or media event such as Iron Man helmets sold in children's toy shops.
14. Ultra violet = Allows you to store digital versions of films bought on DVD or Blu-ray. This enables playback on different devices using multiple applications from several different streaming services.
15. Above the line = Where mass media is used to promote a brand or film. These include conventional media as we know it, television and radio advertising, print as well as internet.    
16. Below the line = An advertising strategy in which a product is promoted in mediums other than radio and television etc. 
17. Technology convergence/cross media convergence = The combining of two or more mediums, like the film industry working together with the music industry (Adele releasing to promote the film)
18. Consumption =  The sum of media information taken in by a group or individual.
19. Exhibition = The last stage of a film's distribution journey, showing the film in theatres.
20. Piracy = Obtaining, copying and distributing a media material without proper rights of legal ownership. 
21. Tie In = A media product such as a book, video game or movie that makes use of material presented in another usually more well-known media product. For example: a video game that was a tie-in to a popular movie- Lego Batman game etc.